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Why is indian rupee falling against american dollar?
Submitted by admin on Sat, 01/07/2012 - 08:32
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Fundamental reason is increasing trade deficirts and technical reason is less demand in currency market than supply. The Indian Rupee has slipped by over 20 per cent this year. Let’s see some latest reasons why Rupee is falling. There is an increased demand for dollars due to a spurt in crude oil prices and the flight of foreign funds from the Indian marketand the demand for rupees, simultaneously, has dipped because capital inflows are down. Foreign institutional investors have sold Indian equities worth more than $500 million in just a few trading sessions. The rupee has been under tremendous pressure as foreign investors are getting out of the Indian markets due to the current slowdown in Indian economy and rising global uncertainties. |
Example of how Rs Vs Dollar fluctuate:
We will see the explanation behind Indian Rupee falling against American Dollar. Let us suppose that there are only two international traders between India and the United States. Mr. India in Delhi, India who supplies Diamonds to a store in Washington. Mr. USA in New York who supplies computer parts in Bangalore. Now assume dollar price today is 50 rupees. Today India sold 10 Diamond sets to Washington store, cost of each piece was 1000 dollars. Total selling amount = 10,000 dollars. Now India wants to convert 10,000 dollars to Rupees. If rate is 50 rupees to 1 US dollar. After conversion India should get 5 Lakh rupees.
Same evening Mr. USA from Chicago, sells one computer server in Noida for Rs. 2.5 lakhs. As per 50 rupees to dollar rate, USA is expecting to convert Rs. 2.5 lakhs to 5000 US dollars.
So we have
– 10,000 US dollars to be converted to rupees. [After conversion worth Rs. 5 Lakhs]
– Rs. 2.5 Lakhs to be converted to dollars [After conversion worth 5000 US dollars]
We have a problem. Demand for Rupees is more than that for dollars. In other words for this particular trading day, there seems to be more supply of dollars than that of rupees.
India and USA log into Foreign Exchange website to convert their currency. First 5000 dollars gets exchanged easily. And the rate is Rs. 50 to 1 US dollars. USA is happy to get his 2.5 lakhs converted to 5000 US dollars, he logs out of website and goes home.
India still has more 5000 US dollars to convert in to Rupees. He got some money on credit from a friend and promised to return him on time with small interest fee. India also wants to pay salary to his employees.
India is now desperate to convert remaining 5000 dollars to rupees.
Lets add one more character in to story now.
Mr Desai who runs a Travel Agency and organises tours to countries like UK, USA, Asia etc. He logs to website and sees someone waiting to exchange 5000 US dollars to rupees. Desai knows that he will need US dollars sometime next month and was looking to buy some at good price. He offers a bargain. Last price for dollar was 50 rupees, but if someone sells dollars for 48 rupees, I will buy it.
India being in rush, agrees to sell dollars for lower price. He converts remaining 5000 US dollars at rate of 48 rupees. 5000 x 48 = 2.4 lakhs. He doesn’t mind losing small amount because he will able to make payments on time.
Now latest exchange rate is: Rs. 48 to 1 US dollar.
After few weeks , Desai (Travel agent) gets a big contract to organise tour for a group of 100 people. He needs lot of dollars, he logs in to website and sees India ready to sell 10,000 dollars for 52 rupees. Desai desperately needs dollars, he buys it.
Now exchange rate is: Rs. 52 to 1 US dollar.
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